[vc_row thb_divider_position=»bottom»][vc_column][vc_column_text]Article in the simplified form offers the reader with the broken sight, to get acquainted with a concept temperament, for better understanding of sources of specific problems.
(stylistic differences, are caused by the publication of this article, in the magazine the School Bulletin of Moscow in 2017)
Someone from wise men said that until we are in a condition of constant search of new knowledge, we actively develop as soon as this search stops, the person automatically ceases to develop and regresses. I will notice that education for the individual having sight violation is one of the key and forming conditions of qualitative and interesting life which begins with self-knowledge. The famous teacher Jan Kamensky compared the person to aromas, asking a question of how refined mixes: roses, or rosemary, orange, cinnamon, strawberry, a carnation, currant, a violet, filling fragile bottles, give rise to identity, not similar to others?! And character of the person, has a large number of components: aggression, humility, emotionality which influence and predetermine our life.
It should be noted that all types of temperaments, and their four, are various and perfect. So for example, strong-willed and self-assured people can inspire us, they always know what want and aspire to the purpose, emotional and changeable can keep up the conversation, as a rule become «soul of the company», of course there is quiet and gentle people causing time irritation in people around. But it is not necessary to treat it literally, this article will help to learn more about temperament of the person, to learn to understand it and to accept it what it is. The gained knowledge, will help you to change internally if you want to develop in yourself strong and strong-willed lines of the leader, as the saying speaks: If you want to change the world, then change.
2500 years ago Hippocrates became the first person who offered division of all into four types of temperament. It was based on physiological type a structure of the person and on «organism juice» which in his opinion, proceeds in a body of the person defining his rhythm and speed of reactions. Thus, it allocated four main types: melancholiac, phlegmatic person, sanguine person and choleric person. But it should be noted that much later the domestic scientist I. P. Pavlov created the theory about temperaments of the person which became the main in modern psychology. Pavlov was based on features of a structure of nervous system:
• force (ability to long and persistent work, bystry restoration of an organism, attentiveness)
• steadiness (the person remains quiet in any situation, feels confident, it is capable to control the rushes)
• mobility (the mobile person who quickly is guided in difficult situations quickly makes decisions, has ability to adapt to all new)
Thus, the bigger or smaller combination of these qualities gives us certain types of temperaments, creating unique identity.
So, the sanguine person —
these representatives combine three qualities: force, mobility and steadiness. These are rather sociable, vigorous and active people. They actively gesticulate and have an expressive mimicry. Well adapt in the new place, are good workers if it is about school students, then these are the children who are in time behind the school program. Rather efficient representatives seeking for achievement of specifically formulated purposes. It should be noted that on life it is sympathetic optimists because they well developed skills of communication, they quickly find to themselves new companions. Are glad to support the friendly atmosphere in collective, are emotional, but are able to control the emotions well. To difficult situations and difficulties, belong with humour, endure in general it easily. From negative qualities it is possible to note that they sometimes finish the business interesting them, sometimes make rash decisions, inconstancy of tastes is observed that testifies to their variety and a versatility.
The choleric person —
Extremely mobile, active and vigorous people with prevalence of impetuosity and unbalance. These are rather courageous and vigorous people who finish business. They can acquire quickly new information and to make the bystry and right decisions. These are representatives about whom it is possible to tell that they always in beat. It should be noted that choleric persons as if dynamite — are quick-tempered, impatient and can even state everything that think of you in a face. Choleric persons do not love monotonous work, frequent change of mood and lack of control of the emotions, is peculiar to these representatives.
Melancholiacs —
Complete antithesis to choleric persons. These are shy, often the diffident people who are not able to constrain the emotions therefore can burst into tears. Look sluggish and tired, it is difficult to them to make decisions independently. Very slowly adapt to circumstances. Melancholiacs are very vulnerable, take everything very much to heart. Any trouble unsettles them and it is represented an unsoluble situation. Worry much, are nervous. However, can be good workers if to create them the necessary working conditions and especially not to strain. Are not initiative, are not active. They need continued support and rest both physical, and emotional.
The phlegmatic person —
It should be noted that representatives of this type are counterbalanced and inert (are slow). Quiet, unperturbable people. Are counterbalanced in emotions. Seek to achieve the objectives, moving gradually step by step. Are very hardy and hardworking, attentive and assidious. Are not really mobile, long get used to a new situation, do not like to change a way of life. In the mood are constant, are not emotional. Do not like «to stir», speak always on business. Phlegmatic persons long consider the decisions, are passive, inclined to constancy. Can sometimes be too indifferent to people around. Depends on education of parents whether they will be big idlers or purposeful people. So, temperament call congenital features of the person which define dynamics of course of its mental processes, temperament causes reactions of the person to external circumstances. It considerably builds up character of the person and his identity, but we will already speak about it in the following article.
It is not obligatory to aspire and correspond to concrete type above the given classification at all. It is enough to take from each example of the best in your opinion.
Competent reaction to various stressful situations depends only on you: whether it be any barriers on a familiar route, the blocked sidewalks because of repair, or the cane which broke on the way.
A variety of the difficult situations trapping us is big, but only we can develop in ourselves the correct relation and proper response for search of the right answer at present.
«a thought, — as the great psychologist Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky spoke, — begins where we encounter an obstacle».[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]